Aim: To generate Network Traffic in simulation mode. Step 1: Generate traffic to populate Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) tables. To reduce the traffic being viewed- Click MultiServer and click the Desktop tab> Command Prompt. Enter the ping 192.168.1.255 command. This will take a few seconds as every device on the network responds to MultiServer. Close the MultiServer window. Step 2: Generate web (HTTP) traffic. Switch to simulation mode. Click HTTP client and click the Desktop tab> Web browser. In the URL field, enter 192.168.1.254 and click Go. Envelopes(PDUs) will appear in the simulation window. Minimize, but do not close, the HTTP Client Configuration Window. Step 3: Generate FTP traffic. Click FTP client and click the Desktop tab> Command prompt. Enter the ftp 192.168.1.254 command. PDUs will appear on the simulation window. Minimize, but do not close the FTP client Configuration Window...
Posts
NAT:- Network Address Translation (NAT) is a process in which one or more local IP address is translated into one or more Global IP address and vice versa in order to provide Internet access to the local hosts. Also, it does the translation of port numbers i.e. masks the port number of the host with another port number, in the packet that will be routed to destination. It then makes the corresponding entries of IP address and port number in the NAT table. NAT generally operates on router or firewall. PROCEDURE (for Static):- 1) Take two routers and 4 PC's. 2) Connect 2 PC's each with switches and connect to with router. Then connect the routers. 3) Assign the IP, subnet mask and gateway. Router 1 (Fa 0/0)............. 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 --------- Router 1 (Se 2/0)............. 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 ...
Star Topology Alternatively referred to as a star network , star topology is one of the most common network setups. In this configuration, every node connects to a central network device, like a hu b , switch , or computer. The central network device acts as a server and the peripheral devices act as clients . Depending on the type of network card used in each computer of the star topology, a coaxial cable or an RJ-45 network cable is used to connect computers together. Steps: 1) Create a network topology. 2) Assign IPs to the PCs. 3) Configure Router using CLI :- Router>enter Router>enable Router(Config)#int gig 0/1 Router(Config)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 Router(Config)#exit Router(Config)#line console 0 Router(Config-line)#password CISCO Router(Config-line)#login Router(Config-line)#exit Router(Config)#enable p...
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol(DHCP) is an application layer protocol which is used to provide: Subnet Mask (Option 1 – e.g., 255.255.255.0) Router Address (Option 3 – e.g., 192.168.1.1) DNS Address (Option 6 – e.g., 8.8.8.8) Vendor Class Identifier (Option 43 – e.g., ‘unifi’ = 192.168.1.9 ##where unifi = controller) DHCP is based on a client-server model and based on discovery, offer, request, and ACK. DHCP port number for server is 67 and for the client is 68. It is a Client server protocol which uses UDP services. IP address is assigned from a pool of addresses. In DHCP, the client and the server exchange mainly 4 DHCP messages in order to make a connection, also called DORA process, but there are 8 DHCP messages in the process. Steps: 1) Create a network topology of a PC, a switch and a router. 2) The client is connected to Router-1, which acts like a DHCP server whose configuration is discussed. When a cl...
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Protocol OSPF is a Link State protocol that’s considered may be the most famous protocol among the Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) family, developed in the mid 1980’s by the OSPF working group of the IETF. When configured, OSPF will listen to neighbors and gather all link state data available to build a topology map of all available paths in its network and then save the information in its topology database, also known as its Link-State Database ( LSDB ). Using the information from its topology database. From the information gathered, it will calculate the best shortest path to each reachable subnet/network using an algorithm called Shortest Path First ( SFP ) that was developed by the computer scientist Edsger W. Dijkstra in 1956. OSPF will then construct three tables to store the following information: Neighbor Table: Contains all discovered OSPF neighbors with whom r...
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) It is a dynamic routing protocol which uses hop count as a routing metric to find the best path between the source and the destination network. It is a distance vector routing protocol which has AD value 120 and works on the application layer of OSI model. RIP uses port number 520. Steps: 1) Initially select 2 PCs, 2 Switches & 2 Routers namely, PC-1 & PC-2, Switch-1 & Switch-2 and Router-1 & Router-2 respectively. 2) Make all the necessary connections using serial gateway 0/1, 3) Assign IP Addresses, Subnet Mask and Gateway as follows- PC-1 192.168.2.1 255.255255.0 192.168.2.2 PC-2 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.2 Switch-1 ...
ROUTER CONFIGURATION Router is generally used to connect different networks and share the information. Router is used to connect to multiple networks and forward the packets either in other networks or in its own network. Steps to Configure: 1) Connect PCs with switch and further switch with routers. 2) do it twice and ten connect both the routers with each other. 3) Now, assign the IP's and respective gateways to the PCs. 4) Again, assign the IP address to the serial ports for both the routers. Router-1 a) interface serial 0/1/0 b) IP address= 192.168.2.1 and Subnet mask= 255.255.255.0 c) No Shut d) exit same steps with Router-2, but a) interface serial= 0/0/0 b) IP Address= 192.168.2.2 and Subnet mask= 255.255.255.0 5) Now, assign IP's to interface, connecting switches. Router-1 a) int gig 0/1 b) IP address= 192.168.110.1 and Subnet mask= 255.255.255.0 c) No Shut ...